彩虹 发表于 2021-11-17 10:36:03

肠镜全流程揭秘!

来源:丁香医生
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➊ 为什么会长肠息肉?
肠息肉和遗传、高脂肪饮食、果蔬摄入少、吸烟、肥胖、缺少体力劳动等都有关系,
发生率也随年龄增加而上升,50 岁以上、男性更常见。
另外,肥胖、年龄也都是危险因素,有研究发现,
BMI 每增加 5 个单位,结直肠腺瘤性息肉的风险就增高 19%。
➋ 检查出肠息肉,一定要切吗?
一般来说,小于 0.5 厘米的非腺瘤性息肉可以随访观察,其他情况下都更建议切。
而且,肠镜检查发现息肉后,光靠看是无法 100% 肯定息肉是不是腺瘤性,
会不会有癌变的风险,需要切下来进行病理检查才能最终确认。
可别一听到割息肉就觉得是个大手术了,目前绝大部分的息肉都可以在肠镜下切除,
和做肠镜没什么区别,只有息肉特别大或者有特殊情况时,才会考虑外科手术。
作为中国五大癌症之一的结直肠癌,每年有 38 万人被诊断出来,
19 万人因它死亡,通常发现时已经是中晚期。
而美国、日本在执行国家肠镜筛查计划后,
在更早阶段阻拦了结直肠癌,20 年后结直肠癌发病率大大降低。
肠镜是结肠镜的简称,可以用来观察结直肠/大肠的状况。
我们不能准确知道一个息肉是不是 100% 会变成肠癌,
但可以确定的是,通过检测和消除有潜在危险的息肉,
可以避免许多大肠癌病例的发生。
如果家里人有以下高危因素,快带他们去做肠镜吧。

[*]50 岁或以上的人士
[*]
[*]有家族史
[*]
[*]曾经患过大肠息肉或肠癌的人
[*]
[*]有遗传性综合征的人
[*]
[*]有炎性疾病的人,比如克罗恩病或溃疡性结肠炎

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